(i) Conduct a literature review and summarize the historical

(i) Conduct a and summarize the historical development of the equations used for the design of cfa forty winkss in gr - Literature review modelIt is highly important to note that the estimated static CFA capacity is achieved through methods that are developed for specific objects such as drilled shafts and driven piles, mainly because the behavior of CFA piles shoot down-settlement are same. During the installation process, there is the pre placementntial term of fetch up bearing and side prune subway with pile displacement has similar features with other kinds of intricate frameations (OConner & Robertson, 1997). During the process, total axial comprehension resistance of located CFA pile is reach via calculation of both the end bearing and side shear resistance (RT=RS+RB). In order to calculate the side shears resistance, it is momentous to have a division of the length of the pile to N pile sectors. After this calculation, the side resistance of a particular pile segme nt is attained by multiplying the shear resistance of the part or segment. This is attained by the surface area of the segment or part of the pile (RS = ?iN fs,i ? Di Li). However, nigh calculation methods use the average segment of side shear to get the length of the pile. The overall side shear resistance of the pile is achieved by RS = fs-ave ? D L in that D represents the average diam of the pile while L represents overall embedment length of the pile. The total end resistance of the pile is attained by RB=qp?DB2. ... It is confirmed that increase in pile capacity is out of the utilization of high-displacement wimble cast or shed piles and the use of amelioration. The additional recommendations on design procedures are hereby organized broadly by the type of soil as each cohesive or non-cohesive in the subdivisions that follow thereafter. It clear to understand that silty soils require judgment on the side of the evaluation of the about reasonable approaches usable by the engineer. Generally, Soils should be reason in relation to the anticipated characteristics under the load being put in to consideration that is as whether the soil is prone to un-drainage or full drainage. Techniques of either cohesive or non-cohesive soils must be employed depending on this classification and hence further categorized by the availability of in-situ and or laboratory test data. The recommended method of technique of end shear and side shear estimates using un-drained shear potency is the FHWA1999 method. It is mainly for drilled in CFA piles found in granular soils and cohesive materials. For an unknown pile unit, the final shear resistance (fs) is formulated as fs=a Su. In this formula, the Su represents the un-drained shear potency or strength of granular soil at the pile unit location. In addition, a represents the reduction or decreasing factor that is not constant as ? = 0.55 for Su / Pa ? 1.5. In this case, PA represents the average atmospheric pressure for a formula 1.5